Glossary

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Above-floor motor

Drive unit for parking platforms and turntables that is mounted above the floor.

Abridged operation instruction

The quick reference guide is attached to the respective control section of the car parking system. It contains instructions for correct vehicle positioning, system-specific measurements and contact details for the service centre.

Bicycle parking system

The bicycle parking system works just like its big brother for cars, parking as many bicycles as possible in the most space-efficient manner. The Bikesafe by WÖHR works fully automatically at a very small footprint of only approx. 38 sqm. This size offers space for up to 128 bicycles of any common model and with a weight of up to 30 kg. Parking uses 4, 6 or 8 levels. Child seats, bicycle bags and bicycle baskets that do not exceed the maximum bicycle dimensions can be left on the bicycles. Quick access, optional safes with E-bikes chargers and intuitive operation are matters of course for our products.

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Bikesafe

Fully automatic parking systems for bicycles. In the tower or shaft version, parking is possible in four, six or eight levels. A combination of tower and shaft is also possible. The Bikesafe is safe and secure for both user and bicycle. No damage due to vandalism or theft. The floor space requirement is only 38m2, making it very economical on space. The individual design options for the facade allow the Bikesafe to fit perfectly into any townscape.

BIM - Building Information Modeling

is a planning method that uses a consistent digital building model to represent buildings along with all relevant information throughout their life cycle. Objectives can be achieved far more quickly and accurately if the scope for sharing information between all parties involved in planning a project is
maximised.

Car lift

WÖHR car lifts connect parking spaces and streets without using ramps. The driver and vehicle are transported quickly and conveniently to the parking level or underground garage. This makes WÖHR car lifts and car parking systems a perfectly coordinated, complete solution.

Car transfer area

All fully automatic parking systems by WÖHR have a car transfer area where users leave their vehicle for parking and from which they can collect them again. Vehicles are parked and retrieved fully automatically by the system. State-of-the-art sensor technology records the vehicle in the car transfer area with a laser scanner and light barriers to ensure that it does not exceed the permitted height, width and length. Depending on the equipment version chosen by the customer, notes on correct use will be displayed on a large text display, or a screen mounted at eye level of the user driving in. The car transfer area is closed securely with a gate while parking to prevent entry.

CHAdeMO

The characteristics of the Japanese CHAdeMO system are comparable to CCS; it is often found in imported vehicles. Hence sites associated with long-distance travel are often equipped with fast charge stations that meet both standards.

Clearance profile

The clearance gauge is a defined boundary line for the maximum dimensions of the vehicle to be parked in the car parking systems.

Combilift

Combilifts are semi-automatic parking systems which combine the principles of stacking and grouping closely together. Semi-automatic means that the parking spaces are automatically run into the departure position after the parking or departure process has been carried out. The user is integrated into the parking process and must know the measurements of his vehicle; he is responsible for the correct positioning of the vehicle. The parking space at the entrance level is moved to the left or the right. An empty space at the entrance level thus creates a space for raising or lowering an upper or lower parking space. Two or three cars can be parked on top of each other in a small area. To make this clearer, a maximum of 10 grids with one control system and one control panel are arranged side by side. Combilifts can also be designed in a row one behind the other for driving through.

Combined Charging System (CCS)

The European CCS standard is a compatible expansion of the Type 2 plug, which allows high-performance charging with direct current (DC). The extensive high-performance electronics this requires are located in the charging station; these are therefore most often found at sites associated with long-distance travel.

Data sheet

There is a detailed technical sheet with all the relevant information for construction for each automatic parking system.

Dependent parking

With the Parkbox 401 and the Parklifts 411 and 421, vehicles are parked at ground level underneath the raised platform. To use the upper parking spaces, the vehicle parked at ground level must be lowered. These systems thus offer two or three times as many parking spaces even if there is no pit. Ideal for a single-family house, car sharing, valet parking, car rental, car dealerships and service centres.

Double platform

With the Parkplatte 503 parking platform, two vehicles can be parked next to each other on a double platform.

Double tandem platform

On the Parkplatte 503 double tandem platform, four vehicles can be parked beside each other and in a row.

Drainage channel

A drainage channel is built in on-site at the edge of the pit for the lowerable Parklifts 461, 462 and 463 to drain surface water.

Driving aisle

The driveway inside a garage for entering and leaving a parking space.

Driving aisle width

The width of the driving lane is regulated by the Garage Regulations of the German Federal States.

Dustbin lift

Dustbins are lowered into the ground “invisibly” in this system. Neither the entrance area, the courtyard area nor the common area will be disrupted by this and they can be freely arranged. The WÖHR dustbin lift can be lowered to ground level and the cover surface can be designed in a variety of ways.

Electrical specifications

Information in the data sheet with all the relevant specifications for electrical installation of the car parking systems.

Empty space

If there is an empty space, horizontally moveable parking systems (in the case of Parkplatte parking platforms) can make it possible to drive through a gap to conventional parking spaces or a space can be created to raise and lower (in the case of Combilifts) a parking space that is positioned above or below.

EV: Electric Vehicles

Battery and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles: BEVs and PHEVs

EVSE: Electric Vehicle

Supply Equipment Number of publicly accessible slow and fast charging points (inc. AC Level 2, AC 43 kW, DC, Tesla Superchargers, inductive chargers)

Fully automatic parking system

A fully automatic parking system parks and retrieves vehicles fully automatically. The user parks in a handover area and confirms the parking process on an operating panel. Parked vehicles can be retrieved from there as well.

Garage Regulations (GaVo)

The Garage Regulations of the German Federal States contain specifications for constructing and operating garages and parking spaces. The individual Regulations regulate, among other things, guidelines on approaches and exits, ramps, parking spaces and driving lanes, parking spaces for women, clearance heights and cables, walls, ceilings, roofs and supports, smoking areas and fire areas, connections to other areas, escape routes, lighting and ventilation, fire extinguishing equipment, smoke and heat extraction, fire alarms, additional documents and fire fighting plans required, as well as operating regulations and the parking of vehicles in other areas and garages.

German Construction Tendering and Contract Regulations (VOB)

The German Construction Tendering and Contract Regulations (VOB) are established by the German Construction Tendering and Contract Board (DVA). Stakeholders from contracting authorities and public contractors are represented in the DVA. The general provisions for the award of works contracts by contracting authorities are regulated in the VOB/A. The VOB/B contains the general contract terms for the execution of construction work. The VOB/C contains the general technical contract terms (ATV), which are at the same time published as DIN standards.

German State Building Regulations (LBO)

The State Building Regulations (LBO) for the German Federal States is an integral part of public building law in Germany. It regulates, among other things, the development of property, the type of building use, clearance spaces, communal facilities, playgrounds and parking spaces, protection of the neighbourhood, fire resistance classes for building components, the suitability of building products, and escape and emergency routes.

Green parking

Because parking in a reduced area is possible, there is no longer any need to search for suitable parking space, pollution by CO2 in town centres is significantly decreased due to the drop in traffic looking for parking, and green spaces are protected because of the low space requirement.

Injection plug

Injection plugs are anchors with which anchor rods are fixed in a bore hole with injection mortar. The mortar compound comprises two components: hardener and resin. The action in solid material comes from the anchor rod bonding with the bore hole wall.

In-situ concrete

In-situ concrete is concrete that sets in the place where it is used. The concrete is brought to the site as ready-mix concrete in mixing vehicles or mixed in situ as site concrete.

Installation length

The installation length designates the clearance required to install the car parking system. Due to the construction elements, the installation length is greater than the platform length.

Key interlock

With this special controller, the key on the control panel can only be removed when the systems are in the upper or lowed end positions. In the case of Parklifts 461-463, the key can only be removed when the system is lowered and the top platform is flush with the floor.

Lifting capacity sign

Lifting capacity signs are attached to the platforms and provide information about the maximum permitted gross weight of vehicles parking there.

Longitudinal pickup system

The Multiparkers 750 and 760 are the two fully automated WÖHR parking systems that need no steel structure and therefore use a shuttle and LAT system instead of parking pallets. LAT is short for "Längsaufnehmende Transporteinheit" (longitudinal pickup system). It collects a vehicle from the lift where it was parked in the handover area, and places it in the false concrete ceilings in cooperation with the shuttles for the individual levels.

Machinery Directive

The Directive of the European Council (Machinery Directive) regulates a uniform level of safety when placing machinery on the market and also for incomplete machines. The Machinery Directive regulates, among other things, placing machinery on the market, its commissioning, the free movement of goods, the conformity assessment for machines, and CE marking.

Maintenance shaft

Maintenance shafts enable access to, for example, the hydraulic unit, and are separated from the system pit.

Operating panel

All WÖHR parking systems are operated with an operating panel. Intuitively designed and with smart user guidance, operating panels permit simple, safe use of all WÖHR parking systems. Presenting an RFID chip to the contact-free reader on the operating panel will request a parking process from the fully automatic parking systems. If a vehicle is already stored in the system under the chip number, it will be retrieved instead. If the chip number is not stored yet, parking will be initiated. Information on the display of the operating panel leads the user through the parking process. Safety prompts shown there can be confirmed with a button below the display. The RFID chip must be presented to the reader at the operating panel again to complete the parking process.

Operation device

There are different versions of the operating concept available for WÖHR car parking systems. From a standard key switch with an EMERGENCY STOP switch, to operating with RFID chips, through to operating via smartphone.

Operation instructions

The operating instructions contain all the important information for operating the car parking system, and must be read by every user before they park for the first time with the system.

Parking pallet

Most fully automatic parking systems by WÖHR use parking pallets with a steel structure in order to store as may vehicles as possible as space-efficiently as possible. The parking pallet with the vehicle on it, rather than only the vehicle, is removed from the handover area for parking.

Parking place profiles

Parking place profiles are the various profiles used to equip the parking place areas of the standard systems and the semi-automatic parking systems. A variety of parking place profiles are available as accessories for the WÖHR parking system. The galvanized SMART PROFILE offers increased walkability and parking comfort for drivers and vehicles. The latest innovation in parking space profiles is the ALU PRIME PROFILE, made of anodized aluminium. With a profile height of just 46 mm, it ensures maximum parking and walking comfort. Through the use of innovative materials, this profile also offers increased corrosion protection while providing a first-class parking experience.

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Performed by Customer

Services to be provided by the customer. The on-site services required for Parklift and Combilifts are, for example, supply lines to the main power switch, railings and barriers in accordance with DIN EN ISO13857, pit area, etc. The schedule of on-site lists can be found in the respective tender documents and technical data sheets.

Pit length

The pit length indicates the clearing dimensions for the length of the pit. You can find measurements in the data sheets for the respective systems.

Pit width

The pit width indicates the clearing dimensions for the width of the pit. You can find measurements in the data sheets for the respective systems.

Planning permission

Planning permission is authorisation that is enshrined in public construction law and is issued by a construction law authority. WÖHR can provide the documents for planning permission on request.

Platform bearing capacity

The platform bearing capacity is the weight specification for the maximum permitted load for a parking space.

Platform clearance

The platform clearance is the horizontal clearance between two platforms.

Reformation of building contract law

The introduction of new types of contracts for architects and engineers, construction companies, developers and consumers will replace contractual agreements with legislative provisions. The lack of clear legislative provisions had been hindering progress towards a planning process and construction contract handling which were both economically viable and met the interests of all parties. This reform of construction contract legislation aims to remove these obstacles.

RFID chip

The semi- and fully automatic WÖHR parking systems are operated with RFID chip technology. RFID chips are identification media that work using electromagnetic waves. A user number is stored on each RFID chip, making it possible to assign a fixed parking space in the system to a specific user. For example, this can ensure that a high parking space is ready for an SUV at all times.

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Semi-automatic parking system

A semi-automatic parking system parks and retrieves vehicles semi-automatically. Depending on the system's equipment, some elements, such as the gate, must be operated manually.

Slimparker

The Slimparker is designed for narrow strips between two buildings. The shaft version of this system requires an installation width of only 2.60 m. The tower version of the Slimparker can also be used overground.

Smart-Parking-App

As of 2017, WÖHR Combilift systems have come supplied with the Smart-Parking-App. That means all smartphones with an operating system of iOS 9 or Android 5.0 and higher can be enabled as remote controls for WÖHR Combilift systems.

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Snow load zone

Influencing factors for the snow load are the location and the local climate zone, as well as the topographic height. The snow climate is recorded in snow load zones in standards. The intensity of snow is specified for different geographic regions.

Steering lock

The steering lock helps to position the vehicle precisely on the platform.

Storage and retrieval unit

Our fully automated parking systems of the Multiparker 710, 720 and 740 types include a storage and retrieval unit. The  area available in the building is used like a high bay shelf. The SRU moves in the aisle between the racks to take vehicles to be parked, or the pallets carrying them, from the handover area to the free compartments. An optional turning device can rotate vehicles into the exit direction as part of the movement and lifting motion.

Tandem platform

In the case of Parkplatte 503 parking platforms, two vehicles can be parked in a row on the tandem platform.

Tank heating

The tank heating for the hydraulic unit ensures that the hydraulic fluid flows evenly even at low temperatures.

Turntable

Where entrances are narrow and confined, the vehicle is rotated into the correct position on a turntable.

Type 1 charging point

These points use the standard type of socket found in German homes. It is often referred to as a ‘Schuko’ socket (a registered trademark for a system
of AC power sockets also defined as ‘CEE 7/3’). Charging performance is very limited, and it is not normally possible to manage or measure charging from these sockets. Hence they are now normally only recommended for charging motorbikes and mopeds or lightweight vehicles.

Type 2 charging point and Mode 3 charging

A Europe-wide standard has been agreed for charging EVs: this applies both to the plug and socket (Type 2) and to the connector between the charging infrastructure and the vehicle (Mode 3). This is the standard type found in all vehicles and charging stations currently on the market. The 7-pin, Type 2 plug can transmit up to 43 kW for charging. The Mode 3 protocol ensures safety and allows smart charging management. These charging points use the chargers built into the vehicle, which keeps costs down, hence these are the main points found at destinations.

Underfloor motor

Drive unit for parking platforms and turntables that is mounted under the floor.

Universal posts for e-charging

Electrical vehicles can be charged while parking in a WÖHR parking system thanks to WÖHR's universal post that can be fitted with individual wall boxes on site as well. A user can park in the standard or semi-automatic parking system and then only needs to plug the vehicle's charging cable into the wall box on the universal post.

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Upper edge of finished floor (UEFF)

UEFF stands for upper edge of finished floor and indicates the height of the finished floor of a storey including floor structure and covering.

Urbanisation in the law on urban development

The idea of urbanisation is now common knowledge in the context of populating towns and cities. With reference to this, the law to implement EU Directive 2014/52/EU into urban planning legislation and to reinforce the new type of co-location in urban areas came into force on 13 May 2017. At the heart of this law is the introduction of the Urban Area into the BauNVO. Buildings in these areas should be constructed more densely and should be taller.

VIU: Vehicles in Use

Total number of existing vehicles

Wall box

The wall box or wall charging station is a connection point where it is possible to charge electric vehicles. The wall charging station not only provides the connection for the charging cable and the connection for the power supply, but can also provide extra functions such as communication on the current strength.

Wheel stop

Front wedges enable vehicles to be positioned precisely on the platforms. The first time it is used, the front wedge must be positioned taking the individual vehicle’s measurements into account.

Yellow-black marking

In the case of Parklifts without doors, a ten-centimetre wide, yellow-black marking in accordance with ISO 3864 must be installed on the entrance side. The exact position of the marking is shown in the WÖHR data sheets for the individual systems.